colloidal solution
Học thuậtThân thiện
Definition
- Noun:
- A type of colloid: A colloidal solution is a specific kind of colloid, which is a mixture where one substance is microscopically dispersed throughout another.
- A solid suspended in a liquid: It specifically refers to a system where very fine solid particles are evenly distributed and suspended within a continuous liquid phase. The particles are larger than individual molecules but small enough to not settle out quickly under gravity.
Usage
- General Scientific Context: The term is used primarily in chemistry and material science to describe stable mixtures like paints, inks, or certain medicines.
- Key Characteristic: It describes a state between a true solution (where particles are dissolved at the molecular level) and a coarse suspension (where particles settle out).
Examples
- Noun:
- Milk is a common example of a colloidal solution where fat globules are dispersed in water.
- The laboratory prepared a colloidal solution of gold nanoparticles for the experiment.
- Ink used in pens is often a colloidal solution of pigment in a liquid.
Advanced Usage
- "Form a colloidal solution": The process of creating such a mixture.
- When the polymer is mixed with the solvent under high shear, it can form a stable colloidal solution.
- "Stability of a colloidal solution": Refers to how long the dispersed particles remain suspended without aggregating or settling.
- The zeta potential is a key factor affecting the stability of a colloidal solution.
Variants and Related Words
- Colloid (n): The general category of mixtures that includes colloidal solutions, gels, aerosols, etc.
- Fog is a colloid of liquid droplets in air.
- Colloidal suspension (n): Often used synonymously with "colloidal solution," though sometimes "suspension" implies slightly larger particles.
- Sols (n): Another term for colloidal solutions, especially when the continuous phase is a liquid.
Synonyms
- Colloidal dispersion: A more general term emphasizing the dispersed state of the particles.
- Sol: A technical term often used interchangeably in chemistry.
Related Phrases
- Tyndall effect: The scattering of light by particles in a colloidal solution, which makes the beam visible.
- The Tyndall effect is a simple way to identify a colloidal solution.
Noun
- a colloid that has a continuous liquid phase in which a solid is suspended in a liquid